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Federal Pacific Industrial Control Transformers

Federal Pacific Industrial Control Transformers • 50 through 750 VA

To Order Federal Pacific Transformers We Recommend TEMCo
Ph: 1-800-613-2290
Or 1-510-490-2187
Link: Power Transformer

• Epoxy Encapsulated Coils
• Copper Wound
• Optional Primary Fusing
• Single Phase
• 50/60 Hz.
• UL® 506 Listed
• CSA Certified

Regulation

Selecting a transformer for industrial control circuit applications requires knowledge of the following items:

INRUSH VA is the product of load voltage (V) multiplied by the current (A) that is required during circuit start up. It is calculated by adding the inrush VA requirements of all devices (contactors, timers, relays, pilot lights, solenoids, etc.), which will be energized together. Inrush VA requirements are best obtained from the component manufacturer.

SEALED VA is the product of load voltage (V) multiplied by the current (A) that is required to operate the circuit after initial start-up or under normal operating conditions. It is calculated by adding the sealed VA requirements of all electrical components of the circuit that will be energized at any given time. SEALED VA requirements are best obtained from the component manufacturer. SEALED VA is also referred to as steady state VA.

PRIMARY VOLTAGE is the voltage available from the electrical distribution systems and its operational frequency, which is connected to the transformer supply voltage terminals.

SECONDARY VOLTAGE is the voltage required for the load operation which is connected to the transformer load voltage terminals.

Once the circuit variables have been determined, transformer selection is a simple 5-step process as follows:

Determine the Application Inrush VA by using the following industry accepted formula:

Application Inrush VA = (INRUSH VA) + (SEALED VA)

 If the primary voltage is basically stable and does not vary by more that 5% from nominal, the 90% secondary voltage column should be used. If the primary voltage varies between 5 and 10% of nominal, the 95% secondary voltage column should be used.

After determining the proper secondary voltage column, read down until a value equal to or greater than the Application Inrush VA is found. In no case should a figure less than the Application Inrush VA be used.

Read left to the Transformer VA Rating column to determine the proper transformer for this application. As a final check, make sure that the Transformer VA rating is equal to or greater than the total sealed requirement. If not, select a transformer with a VA rating equal to or greater than the total sealed VA.

To comply with NEMA standards, which require all magnetic devices to operate successfully at 85% of rated voltage, the 90% secondary voltage column is most often used in selecting a transformer.

Regulation Data Chart

Transformer
VA Rating
955 Sec.
Voltage
90% Sec.
Voltage
 

85% Sec.
Voltage

.

25 100 130 150
50 170 200 240
75 310 410 540
100 370 540 730
150 780 930 1150
200 810 1150 1450
250 1400 1900 2300
300 1900 2700 3850
350 3100 3650 4800
500 4000 5300 7000
750 8300 11000 14000

Type FEC Epoxy Encapsulated Copper-Wound Industrial Control Transformers

  • Lamination of the finest silicon steel minimize core losses and increase performance and efficiency.
  • Copper magnet wire assures efficient operation.
  • UL 500 Listed
  • CSA Certified
  • Insulation materials of the highest rating available for the temperature class.
  • Mounting brackets are heavy gauge steel to add strength to core construction and provide stable mounting. Slotted mounting feet permit east installation.
  • Attractive black finish; easy-to-read nameplate with complete rating data and wiring diagram.



Features:

  • Epoxy encapsulated coils
  • Secondary fuse clips where applicable
  • Optional Primary Fusing
  • Molded terminal barriers
  • 10-32 screw terminals
  • Molded-in terminals
  • Phil-slot screws


Instruction Manual


Ventilated Dry-Type Transformers
600 Volts & Below




1. General

The successful and safe operation of dry-type transformers is dependent upon proper handling, installation, and maintenance. Neglecting certain fundamental installation and maintenance requirements may lead to personal injury and the failure and lost of the transformer as well as damage to other property.
WARNING: DANGER! There is a hazard of electric shock or burn whenever working in or around electrical equipment. Power must be off before working inside a transformer.

Each transformer is assembled and given complete tests at the factory, after which it is inspected and packed for shipment. Units designed are NEMA Type 2 construction and are converted to NEMA Type 3R with a weathershield conversion kit.

2. Inspection Upon Receipt Immediately upon receipt of the shipment, identify all units and check them against the shipping list. Make a visual examination to detect any damage, which may have been incurred during
 transit. If any damage is discovered, file a claim immediately with the carrier and send notice of the extent of damage to the local sales office, giving complete identification, carrier’s name and railroad car number if the shipment was made by rail. The information will enable the company to supply necessary data in support of claim.

3. Handling All transformers are bolted to a wooden skid for shipment. All units can be handled with a forklift truck. Transformers are provided with lifting eyes at the top of the enclosure for two point life or at the base for four point lift or by taking off the cover and using the lifting means on the transformer. The use of a spreader is generally recommended. Units are not designed for laying on their ends or sides. If it is necessary to handle ventilated Dry-Type Transformers outdoors during inclement weather, they should be thoroughly protected against the entrance of moisture. CAUTION: Never attempt to lift a transformer from points other than the lifting eyes provided.

4. Storage Any transformer which, is not installed and energized immediately, should be stored in a clean dry space having a uniform temperature to prevent condensation. Preferably, it should be stored in a heated building having adequate air circulation and protected from cement, plaster, paint, dirt and water. The protective plastic wrapping should be left in place during storage.

5. Application  Insulation systems are classified by industry standards in accordance with the following rating system. These transformers are designed using a 220 degree C insulation system, regardless of the requested temperature rise of the transformer. Transformers with a standard 150 degree C winding temperature rise operate at full load with a maximum 50 degree C / 122 degree F temperature rise on the surface areas of the enclosure. As an example, with a 40 degree C ambient, the maximum measure enclosure surface temperature would be 90 degree C / 194 degree F.

6. Installation  Dry-Type Transformers are for indoor use unless the enclosure is specifically designed for outdoor weatherproof service. They are cooled by means of free circulation of air, the maximum ambient temperature of which should not exceed 40 degree C (104 degree F). Damage may result if the airflow is restricted, or if the transformer is loaded beyond its rated capacity. Due to various building and room constructions, it is recommended that applicable codes be followed. Factors which, should be kept in mind when locating Dry-Type Transformers, are: personnel safety, accessibility, ventilation, locations affecting sound level, and environmental conditions. Installations should be made in an area reasonably free from dust, moisture, chemical and corrosive vapors or fumes. Dry-Type Transformers must be install in an upright position.
CAUTION: Installation and maintenance should be performed only by, experienced and qualified personnel. No attempt should ever be made to change the taps, or make cable connections while the transformer is energized. To maintain safe operating conditions, do not remove the panels or cover while the transformer is in operation.

6.1 Accessibility Dry-Type Transformers should be located in an area where the transformer can be inspected at any time. The wiring compartment should be easily accessible at all times. It is a requirement of the National Electrical Code that sufficient access and working space shall be provided and maintained about all electrical equipment to permit the ready and safe operation and maintenance of such equipment. Refer to the requirements of the NEC for the particular installation involved. The working space required by this standard should not be used as a passageway or for storage. When normally enclosed live parts are exposed for inspection or servicing, the working space, if adjacent to a passageway or general open space where other work is carried on, should be guarded.

6.2 Ventilation Adequate ventilation is essential for the proper cooling of Dry-Type Transformers and clean air is desirable. Filtered air may reduce maintenance if a location presents a particular problem. The ventilating screens and openings in the transformers are designed to provide adequate ventilation for the transformer and should not be restricted in any way. Transformers rated through 51 KVA should be located at least 4 inches away from walls or other obstructions to allow free circulation of air through the ventilation openings. For units above 51 KVA, spacing should be a minimum of 6 inches. If the transformer is located in a small room, ventilation should be provided to maintain an average of 30 degrees C (86 degrees F) ambient not to exceed 40 degrees C (104 degrees F) in any 24-hour period.

6.3 Sound Audible sound may be a factor, and consideration should be given to the specific location and method of installation of the transformer keeping in mind the following suggestions:
Mount the transformer away from corners of walls or ceilings
Provide flexible conduit to make the connection to the transformer.
Use sound absorbing material on the walls and ceiling.
Locate the transformer as far as practical from areas where high sound levels are undesirable.

6.4 Environmental Conditions Ventilated Dry-Type Transformers are normally designed for installation in indoor applications only. They may be installed outdoors if they are of outdoor construction. Outdoor construction may consist of specifically designed NEMA Type 3R enclosures or weathershield conversion kits to convert indoor NEMA Type 2 enclosures to NEMA Type 3R enclosures suitable for protected outdoor installation. The transformer nameplate specifies the proper weathershield kit to be used on the specific transformer. When this kit is properly installed, the enclosure is listed by UL for NEMA Type 3R protected outdoor installation.
Transformers should be installed in locations where the ambient atmosphere is free from unusual chemical fumes or dust.

6.5 Outdoor Installation The same care must be taken when selecting a location for outdoor Dry-Type Transformers. Walls may be built around the transformer if proper care is taken to allow sufficient airflow. It is recommended that a suitable concrete pad with adequate drainage be used for the outdoor location. Pad should be approximately 4” about ground level. The hole plugs supplied with some outdoor units must be in place in each end of the unit to prevent moisture from entering the enclosure.
CAUTION: Outdoor transformers are not tamper proof. The location of the transformer must be away from children and all unauthorized personnel. Failure to do so may result in serious injury.

7. Connections All cable entrances should be into the terminal compartment located in the lower transformer enclosure. When making cable connections or changing taps, always use two wrenches when tightening or loosening bolted connections to prevent distortion or damage. The terminal connections are either bare aluminum, tin plated aluminum or copper. The aluminum surfaces are furnished with a protective coating to prevent oxidation. The unused tap connections are also furnished with a protective coating. This coating should remain intact until these connection points are needed.
CAUTION: Make only those connections shown on the nameplate or connection diagram. Before energizing, check all tap jumpers for proper locations, and all bolted connections for tightness.

If it is necessary to change taps or assemble a lug to a connection point, gently scrape coating from new connection surface using a sharp knife. Apply a light coating of grease from the tap jumper pad to the scraped surface and tighten connection using two wrenches as described above. Care must be taken to place all leads to the same load, or from the supply source through one knockout so that no part of the transformer case is positioned between such leads.
NOTE: After installation of connectors and cabling, a minimum of 1” clearance must be maintained from energized parts to all case parts.

7.1 Lighting Tap Applications Most transformers with 240 volt delta secondaries have a 120 volt single-phase lighting tap. The maximum single-phase 120 volt load should not exceed 10% of the three-phase KVA rating. The load should also be balanced at 5% maximum between terminals X1 to X4 and 5% between terminals X2 to X4. The three-phase KVA must also be reduced by 30% of the nameplate rating.

7.2 Grounding All core and coil structures have a flexible ground connection to the enclosure, which ensures that all dead metal parts have the same potential. The transformer enclosure should be solidly grounded so that no danger will exist for operating or maintenance personnel. A transformer ground stud or ground bus is provided for the customer’s ground connections. The grounding conductor for a transformer should have a current-carrying capacity in accordance with the National Electrical Code.

8. Before Energizing Before energizing the transformer, loosen or remove all shipping hardware, and store for future use. If it is desired to change location of the transformer at a future date, reinstall all shipping hardware. If shipping hardware is left in place, excessive enclosure vibration will increase the sound level. Check all tap jumpers for proper locations, and all bolted connections for tightness, using two wrenches. After installation is completed, remove any debris from the bottom of the wiring compartment. Securely tighten all screws, which hold the panels and covers in place to eliminate possible vibration of these parts.

9. Operation To maintain safe operating conditions do not remove panels or covers over openings in the enclosure while the transformer is energized.
CAUTION: Never attempt to change taps or connections unless the transformer is de-energized and all windings grounded.

For all relatively clean and dry indoor installations, the transformer will operate satisfactorily under normal conditions or energization and load. There is no concern over the transformer’s ability to retain its electrical strength during reasonable periods of shut down. Under severe conditions and extended shutdown periods condensation may form and ultimately be absorbed into the insulation. If such a situation occurs, the transformer should be inspected for visible signs of moisture before re-energizing. The transformer should be dried as specified in Section 11, “Drying” if moisture is visible. Transformers should not be overloaded for long periods of time. The resulting temperatures can cause insulation deterioration and transformer failure. If at any time evidence of overheating is noticed, external fans (fans blowing on the outside of the enclosure or louvers) must not be directed toward the transformer. This practice can result in misdirected airflow, which, can retard or stop normal convection through the transformer coil. As a result the transformer will further overhead and failure may result in a short period of time.

10. Maintenance Under normal environments and operating conditions, Dry-Type Transformers are virtually maintenance free. However, they do require occasional external cleaning, repainting, internal cleaning, painting, and periodic care and inspection. Where periodic inspection of any kind cannot be made, it should be recognized that the life of the transformer may, be affected. The frequency of inspection will depend on the atmospheric and/or environmental conditions at a given transformer installation or location. A transformer may operate satisfactorily for many years without attention but, under unusual service conditions, maintenance may be required in a matter of months.

A continuously energized transformer needs periodic maintenance only to remove accumulations of dust and dirt from cooling ducts and other surfaces. Large accumulations may reduce cooling efficiency and lead to over heating. The frequency of cleaning will depend on the environment in which the transformer is located. Cleaning is recommended at least once a year in relatively clean installations and at more frequent intervals in more heavily contaminated atmospheres. Transformers, which are de-energized for periods of time, generally require more frequent maintenance to insure removal of contamination. Accumulation of dirt on insulating surfaces becomes a hazard when a considerable amount of moisture is absorbed. It is always advisable to clean any transformer suspected of having been contaminated with dirt and moisture. Vacuuming is the recommended method for cleaning. Special attention should be given to cooling ducts with the windings. Low pressure, dry air can be used if care is taken to avoid driving the contamination deeper into insulations. When it is known that a transformer has been exposed to severe conditions of moisture, it should be cleaned and dried before energization.

Maintenance must be done with the transformer in a de-energized condition. This would include such things as tap changing, internal inspection and cleaning, locating causes of faulty performance, replacing parts, etc. Corrective maintenance should be performed by a person who is familiar with the construction and operation of the apparatus and the hazards involved. In conducting corrective maintenance, such a person should:
Be sure that the transformer is disconnected from all electric power sources before servicing.
After power has been disconnected from the transformer, attach ground leads or their equivalent to the input and output terminations of the transformer. Such grounding may be unnecessary in the case of transformers that can be visibly isolated from energized conductors by other disconnecting means.
Inspect terminals for alignment, tightness, pressure, burns, or corrosion. Consult factory to replace pitted or badly burned lugs.
Inspect air ducts for the accumulation of dust and foreign substances; vacuum any accumulation.
See that bolts, nuts, washers, pins, terminal connectors, including ground connection, are in place and in good condition.


11. Drying Moisture is detrimental to most insulation systems. It is advisable to dry out any transformer, which has been exposed for long periods of high humidity. Whenever moisture is visible on insulation surfaces, the unit must be dried before being energized. Drying may be accomplished by application of hot air, radiant heat or internal heat. Heated air should rise through the windings. Heaters should be located beneath the windings and elements should not be allowed to come in contact with the transformers. Heat should be applied on both front and rear of the transformer. The capacity of strip or space heaters required can generally be taken to be one-half watt for each pound of transformer nameplate weight. The application of heat should be maintained for a minimum of twenty-four hours after moisture is no longer visible. Transformers may be subjected to flooding, direct rain, or similar applications of water. In such cases, normal drying techniques may not be adequate and the factory should be consulted. Unfortunately, insulation resistance tests of the type used on liquid filled transformers are of little value on Dry-Type Transformer. The nature of insulation used in Dry-Type Transformers is such that the megger and power factor readings are not reliable and may be misleading.

 

Selection Charts

Group A
Primary Volts 240x 480, 230 x 460, 220 x440 Secondary Volts 120,115,110
50/60 Hz

Kva


Catalog Number
 

25 FA025JK
50 FA050JK
75 FA075JK
100 FA100JK
150 FA150JK
200 FA200JK
250 FA250JK
300 FA300JK
350 FA350JK
500 FA500JK
750 FA750JK
1000 FA1000JK
1000 FA1000E
1500 FA1500E
2000 FA2000E
3000 FA3000E
5000 FA5000E

Group B
Primary Volts 240x 480, Secondary Volts 24
50/60 Hz

Kva


Catalog Number
 

50 FB050JK
75 FB075JK
100 FB100JK
150 FB150JK
200 FB200JK
250 FB250JK
300 FB300JK
350 FB350JK
500 FB500JK
750 FB750JK

Group C
Primary Volts 120 x 240, Secondary Volts 24
50/60 Hz

Kva


Catalog Number
 

50 FC050JK
75 FC075JK
100 FC100JK
150 FC150JK
200 FC200JK
250 FC250JK
300 FC300JK
350 FC350JK
500 FC500JK

Group D
Primary Volts 115 x 230, Secondary Volts 24
50/60 Hz

Kva


Catalog Number
 

50 FD050JK
75 FD075JK
100 FD100JK
150 FD150JK
200 FD200JK
250 FD250JK
300 FD300JK
350 FD350JK
500 FD500JK

Group E
Primary Volts 550/575/600, Secondary Volts 110,115,120
50/60 Hz

Kva


Catalog Number
 

50 FE050XK
75 FE075XK
100 FE100XK
150 FE150XK
200 FE200XK
250 FE250XK
300 FE300XK
350 FE350XK
500 FE500XK
750 FE750XK

Group F
Primary Volts 208/277 Secondary Volts 120
50/60 Hz

Kva


Catalog Number
 

50 FF050XK
75 FF075XK
100 FF100XK
150 FF150XK
200 FF200XK
250 FF250XK
300 FF300XK
350 FF350XK
500 FF500XK
750 FF750XK

Group G
Primary Volts 208/277 Secondary Volts 120
50/60 Hz

Kva


Catalog Number
 

50 FG050XK
75 FG075XK
100 FG100XK
150 FG150XK
200 FG200XK
250 FG250XK
300 FG300XK
350 FG350XK
500 FG500XK
750 FG750XK
1000 FG1000E
1500 FG1500E
2000 FG2000E
3000 FG3000E
5000 FG5000E

Group H
Primary Volts 230/460/575 Secondary Volts 95,115
50/60 Hz

Kva


Catalog Number
 

50 FH050XX
75 FH075XX
100 FH100XX
150 FH150XX
200 FH200XX
250 FH250XX
300 FH300XX
350 FH350XX
500 FH500XX
750 FH750XX
1000 FH1000E
1500 FH1500E
2000 FH2000E
3000 FH3000E
5000 FH5000E

Group I
Primary Volts 380/400/415 Secondary Volts 110 X 120
50/60 Hz

Kva


Catalog Number
 

50 FI050XJ
75 FI075XJ
100 FI100XJ
150 FI150XJ
200 FI200XJ
250 FI250X
300 FI300XJ
350 FI350XJ
500 FI500XJ
750 FI750XJ

Group J
Primary Volts 200/220/440, 208/230/460,240/480 Secondary Volts 23/110, 24/115, 25/120
50/60 Hz

Kva


Catalog Number
 

50 FJ050XK
75 FJ075XK
100 FJ100XK
150 FJ150XK
200 FJ200XK
250 FJ250XK
300 FJ300XK
350 FJ350XK
500 FJ500XK

Group K
Primary Volts 240 X 480 Secondary Volts 120 X 240
50/60 Hz

Kva


Catalog Number
 

50 FK050JJ
75 FK075JJ
100 FK100J
150 FK150JJ
200 FK200JJ
250 FK250JJ
300 FK300JJ
350 FK350JJ
500 FK500JJ
750 FK750JJ

Group L
Primary Volts 240/416/480/600, 230/400/460/575, 220/380/440/550,208/500
Secondary Volts 99/120/130, 95/115/125, 91/110/120, 85/100/110
50/60 Hz

Kva


Catalog Number
 

50 FL050JL
100 FL100JL
150 FL150JL
200 FL200JL
250 FL250JL
300 FL300JL
350 FL350JL
500 FL500JL
750 FL750JL

Group M
Primary Volts 240 X 480  230X 460 220 X 440
Secondary Volts 120 X 240, 115 X 230, 110 X 220
50/60 Hz

Kva


Catalog Number
 

1000 FM1OOE
1500 FM1500E
2000 FM2000E
3000 FM3000E
5000 FM5000E

Group N
Primary Volts 240/347/380 Secondary Volts 120 X 240
50/60 Hz

Kva


Catalog Number
 

1000 FN1000E
1500 FN1500E
2000 FN2000E
3000 FN3000E
5000 FN5000E

 

 


 Power Transformer Information:

Power Transformer HomeContact Power Transformer Co.


Power Transformer Types

Step Up and Step Down Transformers Step Up and Step Down Transformers to Power transformers to step-up ( raise) or step-down (lower) the electrical voltage.
 
Isolation Transformers Isolation Transformers allows signal or power to be taken from one device and fed into another without electrically connecting the two.
 
Toroidal Transformers Toroidal Transformers are devices that transfer electrical energy from one electric circuit to another, without changing the frequency, by electromagnetic induction.
 
Custom Transformers
 
Custom Transformers are designed to meet certain performance specifications and size requirement that you require. There is a wide range of custom transformer types.
 
Buck Boost Transformers
 
Buck Boost Transformers is a ideal solution for changing line voltage by small amounts. Often used to buck (lower), or boost (raise) the voltage from 208v to 240v for lighting applications.
 
Pole Mounted Transformers
 
Pole Mounted Transformers are mounted to poles for overhead electrical lines. Used in various applications. Are available in single phase or three phase transformers.
 
Medium Voltage Transformers
 
Medium Voltage Transformers are used with a medium range of voltages. They come in a full range from liquid-filled, convention dry type as well as cast coil.
 
Pad Mounted Transformers Pad Mounted Transformers are a excellent choice for commercial and industrial such as manufacturing facilities, refineries, office buildings, schools, hospitals, restaurants, and retail stores. They come in various sizes and can be used underground as well.
 
High Voltage Transformers High Voltage Transformers typically these voltage transformers are used in power transmission applications. High voltage transformers are also used in microwave.
 

 Power Transformer Manufacturer

  • ACME Transformers - With Acme Electric being in business over 80 years, they have always believed in offering there customers superior service, quality and technical expertise in the transformer market.
  • AMVECO Transformers - AMVECO designs and manufactures toroids transformers, current transformers, and auto transformers. Most AMVECO products are custom designed utilizing their state-of-art proprietary CAD programs.  The AMVECO engineers can quickly generate designs in a matter of hours, if needed.
  • Federal Pacific TransformersFederal Pacific is a division of Electro- Mechanical Corporation, a privately held, American owned company founded in 1958. Federal pacific offers dry-type transformers from .050 KVA through 10,000 KVA single and three phase, up to 34.5 KV, 150 KV BIL with UL approval through 15 KV.
  • Marcus Transformer - Ever since they opened their doors for business a half a century ago, they have been a leader in innovative transformer design. As a family-owned company they are proud of the reputation they have earned for making quality-built transformers that deliver exceptional performance and savings.
  • Hammond TransformersHammond Manufacturing was founded in 1917 in Guelph, Ontario, Canada. In the last 3 decades it has expanded to the US and the international markets offering many types of power transformers. 
  • TEMCo Transformers - TEMCo Transformer, a family-owned business which has been manufacturing and distributing electrical products since 1968. They focus on transformers that significantly reduce power consumption over 30 percent compared to competitive makes.
  • GE Transformers - GE has been a key player in the energy industry for more than a century.  Since the installation of their first steam turbine in 1901. They have become number one provider of high-technology power generation and distribution equipment.
  • Jefferson Electric Transformers - Jefferson Electric has been a pioneer and innovator of magnetic products since 1915. Jefferson broad line of dry-type transformers are backed by quality assurance systems so stringent that each and every unit gets thoroughly tested before it goes out there door.
  • More power transformer brands - Check out more companies by clinking this link.

 Power Transformer Types

  • Distribution Transformers - Distribution transformers are generally used in electrical power distribution and transmission power. This class of transformer has the highest power, or volt-ampere ratings. and the highest continuous  voltage rating.
  • Substation Transformers - Substation Transformers are large devices which usually weigh tens of thousands of pounds.   They are filled with tens of thousands of gallons of heat transfer fluid.  Although they are typically 99.8% efficient in the transforming of electricity from one voltage to another, processing hundreds of Mega Volts-Amps of electricity force the liberation of hundreds of BTUs per second.
  • Medical Grade Isolation
     Transformer -
    Medical Grade Transformers generally refer to the transformers used in medical devices as well as hospital, biomedical and patient care equipment. There are a number of strict safety rules, guidelines and laws governing the design, construction and the test of these transformers.
  • Drive Isolation Transformer - They are used to isolate a drive from a main power line to prevent the transmission of harmonics that the drives produce back into the power line.  They stop drive harmonics from disrupting computers and other sensitive equipment.
  • Toroidal Transformers - Toroidal Transformers are more efficient than the cheaper laminated EI types of similar power level. Some of the advantages are smaller size, lower weight, less mechanical hum, (making them superior in audio amplifier), low-off-load loss.

 Power Transformer Types

  • Step-Up Transformers - A Step-Up Transformer is one whose secondary voltage is greater than its primary voltage.  This kind of transformer "steps up" the voltage applied to it. -
  • Step-Down Transformers - A Step-Down Transformer is  designed to reduce voltage from primary to secondary.  They can range from sizes from .05 KVA to 500 KVA
  • Isolation Transformers - An Isolation Transformer is a device that transfers energy from the alternating current (AC) supply to an electrical or electronic load.  It isolates the windings to prevent transmitting certain types of harmonics.
  • Buck Boost Transformers - Buck Boost Transformers make small adjustments to the incoming voltage. They are often used to change voltage from 208v to 240v for lighting applications.  Major advantages of Buck boost transformers include; low cost, compact size and light weight. 
  • High Voltage Transformer - There are many different types of voltage transformers. A High Voltage Transformer operates with high voltages. Typically, these voltage transformers are used in power transmission applications, where voltages are high enough to present a safety hazard.
  • Medium Voltage Transformers - A Medium Voltage Transformer can be connected directly to a primary distribution circuit and generally has the most load diversity. These voltage transformers have installation practices that are generally in accordance with application recommendations from the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE).
  • Low Voltage Transformers - A Low Voltage Transformer is an electrical device that transforms 120 volts (line voltage) into 12 volts or 24 volts (low voltage). Some uses for low voltage transformer are in landscaping lighting.
  • Single Phase Transformers - In electrical engineering, single-phase electric power refers to the distribution of electric power using a system in which all the voltages of the supply vary in unison. Single-phase distribution is used when loads are mostly lighting and heating, with few large electric motors.
  • Three Phase Transformers - Three Phase Transformers must have 3 coils or windings connected in the proper sequence in order to match the incoming power and therefore transform the power company voltage to the level of voltage needed while maintaining the proper phasing or polarity.
  • Custom Transformers - Custom Transformers are designed for a certain performance specifications and size requirements.  The company works with your engineering specification. 
  • Industrial Control Transformers - Industrial Control Transformers are used to convert the available supply voltage to the required voltage to supply industrial control circuits and motor control loads.
  • Pad Mounted Transformers - Pad Mounted Transformers are usually single phase, or three phase, and used where safety is a main concern. Typical applications; restaurant, commercial building, shopping mall, institutional. 
  • Pole Mounted Transformers - Pole Mounted Transformers are used for distribution in areas with overhead primary lines. Outside a typical house one can see one of these devices mounted on the top of an electrical pole.
  • Oil Filled Transformers - Oil Filled Transformers are transformers that use insulating oil as insulating materials.  The oil helps cool the transformer. Because it also provides part of the electrical insulation between internal live parts, transformer oil must remain stable at high temperatures over an extended period.
  • Dry Type Transformers - Dry-Type Transformers are available for voltages up through 34.5 kV (although the most common upper limit is 15) and KVA ratings up through 10,000 (with 5000 as the usual limit). Dry-type use air as a coolant, lowering health and environmentally concerns.
  • Auto Transformers - An Autotransformer is an electrical transformer with only one winding. The winding has at least three electrical connection points called taps. Autotransformers are frequently used in power applications to interconnect systems operating at different voltage classes, for example 138 kV to 66 kV for transmission. Another application is in industry to adapt machinery built for 480 V supplies to operate on the local 600 V supply.
  • More power transformer types - Read further about additional transformer types and their uses.

 Power Transformer Term Definitions

  • Electrical Transformers - Electrical Transformers are devices used to raise or lower the voltage of alternating current. For instance, power is transported over long distance in high voltage power lines and then transformers lower the voltage so that the power can be used by a business or household.
  • Isolating Transformers - An Isolating Transformer is a transformer, often with symmetrical windings, which is used to decouple two circuits.  An Isolation transformer allows an AC signal or power to be taken from one device and fed into another without electrically connecting the two circuits. Isolation transformers block transmission of DC signals from one circuit to the other, but allow AC signals to pass. 
  • Transmission Power Lines - A Transmission Line is the material medium or structure that forms all or part of a path from one place to another for directing the transmission of energy, such as electromagnetic or acoustic waves as well as electric power transmission. Components of transmission lines include wires, coaxial cables,  dielectric slabs, option fibers, electric power lines, and waveguides.
  • Transformer Voltage - The measure of the amount of force on a unit charge because of the surrounding charge.
  • Transformer Phase - Most transformer are either single phase or three phase.
  • Transformer Frequency - The transformer cannot change the frequency of the supply. If the supply is 60 hertz, the output will also be 60 hertz.
  • Transformer K Factor - Some transformers are now being offered with a k-factor rating. This measure the transformer's ability to withstand the heating effects of non-sinusoidal harmonic currents produced by much of today's electronic equipment and certain electrical equipment.
  • Primary Voltage - The coil winding that is directly connected to the input power.
  • Secondary Voltage - The coil winding  supplying the output voltage.
  • Harmonic Cancellation - Harmonic cancellation is performed with harmonic canceling transformers also known as phase-shifting transformers. A harmonic canceling transformer is a relatively new power quality product for mitigating harmonic problems in electrical distribution systems. This type of transformer has patented built-in electromagnetic technology designed to remove high neutral current and the most harmful harmonics from the 3rd through 21st.
  • Weatherproof - Enclosed transformers come with a weatherproof standard set by NEMA.
  • Epoxy Encapsulated - A process in which a transformer or one of its components is completely sealed with epoxy or a similar material. This process is normally preferred when a unit might encounter harsh environmental conditions.
  • More power transformer terms - Such as inductor, ground fault, core saturation, current transformer, faraday shield, etc.


Related Transformer Products

  • Voltage Regulators - A Voltage Regulator is an electrical regulator designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage level.  It may use an electromechanical mechanism, or passive or active electronic components. Depending on the design, it may be used to regulate one or more AC or DC voltages.
  • AC Line Reactor - AC Line Reactors is a three phase transformer used in conjunction with AC variable frequency and DC motor drive. They are a bi-directional protective filtering device.
  • Line Power Conditioners - Power or Line Conditioners regulate, filter, and suppress noise in AC power for sensitive computer and other solid state equipment.
  • DC Power Supplies - Conversion of one form of electrical power to another desired form and voltage. This typically involves converting 120 or 240 volt AC supplied by a utility company to a well-regulated lower voltage DC for electronic devices.
  • Rotary Phase Converters - Rotary Phase Converters are commonly used in home or small commercial or industrial settings. Rotary phase converters convert single-phase power into three-phase power. This is a very cost-effective way to power three-phase electric motors and other three phase equipment.
  • Frequency Converters - A Frequency Changer or Frequency Converter is an electronic device that converts alternating current (AC) of one frequency to alternating current of another frequency.
  • Voltage Converters - A Voltage Converter changes the voltage of an electrical power source and is usually combined with other components to create a power supply.
  • Magnetic Motor Starters - Magnetic Motor Starters are essentially heavy duty relays mounted in boxes, often equipped with heater/thermal overloads matched to the motor they start.
  • Motor Starting Auto Transformers - An Auto Transformer starter uses an auto transformer to reduce the voltage applied to a motor during start. The auto transformer may have a number of output taps and be set-up to provide a single stage starter, or a multistage starter.

For an additional resource the Best of Industry Web Directory : Electrical Power Transformer Directory section is quite useful.