Substation Transformers
See also;
Federal Pacific Unit Substation Transformers &
GE
Substation Transformers

A substation is a high-voltage electric facility. It is
used to switch generators, equipment and circuits or
lines in and out of system.
To Order Substation Transformers We Recommend
TEMCo
Ph:
1-800-613-2290
Or 1-510-490-2187
Link:
Substation Transformer |
A Substation is also used to change AC voltages from one
level to another, or change alternating current to
direct current or direct current to alternating current.
There are small substations and large one. The small
substation are little more than a transformer and relate
switches, while the large one has several transformers
an dozens of switches and equipment.
There are generally four types of substation, but some
substations there are a combination of two or more
types.
Substation Transformer Types
-
Step-Up Transmission Substations
-
Step-Down Transmission Substation
-
Distribution Substation
-
Underground Distribution Substation
-
Substation Functions
Step-Up Transmission Substation:
A step-up transmission substation receives electric
power from a nearby generating facility and uses a large power
transformer to increase the voltage for transmission to distant
locations. A transmission bus is used to distribute electric power to
one or more transmission lines. There can also be a tap on the incoming
power feed from the generation plant to provide electric power to
operate equipment in the generation plant.
A substation can have circuit breaker switch that are
used to switch transmission circuits in and out of service as needed, or
emergencies that require the shut-down of power to a circuit or to
redirect the power.
A step-up transmission substation voltages specification
is determined by the customer needs of the utility supplying power and
to the requirements of any connections to regional grids.
The typical voltage are:
-
High voltage (HV) ac:
69kV, 115kV, 138kV, 161kV, 230kv
-
Extra-high voltage (EHV) ac:
345kV, 500 kV, 765 kV
-
Ulta-high voltage (UHV) ac:
1100 kV, 1500 kV
-
Direct-current high voltage (dc HV):
+250kV, +400kV, +500 kV
Direct current voltage is either positive or negative
polarity. A DC line has two conductors, so one would be positive and the
other negative.
Step-Down Transmission Substation:
Step-down transmission substations are located at
switching points in an electrical grid. They connect different parts of
a grid and are a source for subtransmission lines or distribution lines.
The step-down substation can change the transmission voltage to a
subtransmission voltage, usually 69 kV. The subtransmission voltage
lines can then serve as a source to distribution substations. Sometimes,
power is tapped from the subtransmission line for use in an industrial
facility along the way. Otherwise, the power goes to a distribution
substation.
Distribution Substations:
Distribution
substations are located near to the end users. Distribution substation
transformers changes voltage to lower levels for use by the end users.
Typical distribution voltages vary from 34,500Y/19,920 volts to
4,160Y/2400 volts.
34,500Y/19,920 volts is interpreted as a three-phase
circuit with a grounded neutral source. This would have three
high-voltage conductors or wires and one grounded neutral conductor, a
total of four wires. The voltage between the three phase conductors or
wires would be 34,500 volts and the voltage between one phase conductor
and the neutral ground would be 19,920 volts. From here the power is
distributed to industrial commercial, and residential customers.
Underground Distribution Substation:
Underground distribution substations are also located
near to the end-users. Distribution substation change the
subtransmission voltage to lower levels for use by end-users. Typical
distribution voltages vary from 34,500Y/19,920 volts to 4,160Y/2400
volts.
An underground system may consist of these parts:
The following is a list of a Substation functions, but
remember not all substations have all theses functions:
-
Change voltage from one level to another
-
Regulate voltage to compensate for system voltage
changes
-
Switch transmission and distribution circuits into
and out of the grid system.
-
Measure electric power qualities flowing in the
circuits.
-
Connect communication signals to the circuits
-
Eliminate lightning and other electrical surges from
the system.
-
Connect electric generation plants to the system.
-
Make interconnections between the electric systems
of more than one utility.
-
Control reactive kilovolt-amperes supplied to and
the flow of reactive kilovolt-amperes in the circuits.
Power Transformer Sources:
Power Transformer
* Step Up Transformer *
Step Down Transformer *
Electrical
Transformer *
Isolation Transformer *
Toroidal Transformer *
Acme
Transformer * High
Voltage Transformer *
Distribution Transformer *
Transformer
Manufacturer * Three
Phase Transformer * Dry
Type Transformer * 3
Phase Transformer *
Cast
Transformer * Voltage
Transformers *
Variac * Voltage
Stabilizer * Voltage
Regulators
Power Transformer Information:
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